Sir Isaac Newton

Millions saw the Apple fall, but Newton was the one who asked, why?

SIR ISAAC NEWTON :-

Who: Isaac Newton
What: Father of Universal Gravitation
When: January 4, 1643 /25 Dec 1642
           - March 31, 1727

Where: Woolsthorpe, a hamlet of Lincolnshire, England

Sign: 

           Physicist and mathematician who became one of the most influential scientist of all time for formulating the three basic laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. He built the first practical reflecting telescope and his work helped Enlightenment thinkers rebel against Church theology.

           Nature and Nature's laws lay hid in night:

God said, Let Newton be! and all was light.1

Sir Isaac Newton, perhaps the most influential scientist of all time, came from very humble beginnings. The Julian calendar places his birthday on Christmas 1642, before which his father, John Newton, died at the age of 36. He was born premature and possibly had Asperger syndrome, a form of autism, which could explain his later ability to intensely focus on specific subject matters.

              His mother remarried and sent him at age three to live with his maternal grandmother. At 12 he was sent to The King's School, an educational institution for boys in Grantham, Lincolnshire. Biographer N. W. Chittenden recounts that the young Newton was not a good student at first. However, after losing in a fight against the student ranked just above him, he applied himself to his studies until not only did he outrank his offender, but everyone else in his class.

              When he was 15, his mother was widowed again and for financial purposes removed him from school to manage a farm. He disliked the work and often neglected his duties, taking advantage of market trips into Grantham to read and study. His mother was persuaded to send him back to school to complete his education.

              In 1661 at the age of 18, he entered Trinity College at the University of Cambridge. Newton took an interest in mathematics, overlooking the prominent study of the Greek philosopher Euclid and instead focusing on the relatively modern works of minds such as René Descartes, Galileo Galilei, John Wallis, and Johann Kepler.

              In 1665, the young scientist invented the generalized binomial theorem and began developing the mathematical theory that would later become calculus. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree later that year, shortly after which the university was closed as a precaution against the Great Plague. Newton returned to his home in Woolsthorpe to continue his work in calculus, optics, and the law of gravitation, as well as dabbling in some alchemy in the spirit of Robert Boyle's The Sceptical Chymist.

              He returned to Cambridge in 1668 and earned Master of Arts recognition and the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics position a year later. The Royal Society took interest in his optics works, particularly his investigations into the refraction of light, as well as the reflecting telescope he invented (today known as a Newtonian telescope). Though his work received initial opposition, it paved the way for Newton's membership into the Royal Society in 1671, sparking the rapid rise of his reputation.

               Newton hesitated to publicize his mathematical studies for fear of more opposition. But in 1687, he published the first edition of his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (later translated in 1825 as The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), considered today to be the single greatest work in the history of science. In it, he described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion, derived from Kepler's Laws.

              Though he was and still is renowned for his scientific pursuits, Newton was a serious student of the Bible and published several theological works. Even in his famed Principia, Newton exhibited his dedication to God.

*There are two birth dates of Sir ISAAC NEWTON
  4 Jan/25 Dec as above.

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Thanks to read,

Ashok Kadam